The sewing machine began to skip the stitches why?
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The reasons why the sewing machine passes the stitches can be different. from the incorrectly selected mode of operation of the device to deformation of the needle or the gear of the opera of the shuttle. Such a malfunction is characteristic of the technique of all domestic and foreign manufacturers, starting with an inexpensive seagull machine, ending with an elite semi.professional technique of Singer, Juki, Janome or Jaguar.
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The main reason why the sewing machine passes the stitches?
A stitch is the result of the interaction of all the nodes of the sewing machine, starting from the tension of the thread and ending with the formation of the loop in the thickness of the material. The main reason is most often the improper setting of the shuttle device and needle, namely the size of the gap between the tip of the needle in the lower position and the nose of the shuttle. It depends on the thickness of the fabric and ranges from 0.15 to 0.5 mm in the interval. An ideal average indicator. 0.3 mm.
Other parameters can affect the formation of the loop and its seizure by the nose:
Determining the source of the problem
To find out the cause of the incorrect operation of the sewing machine, it is worth finding out the know the most common situations that can lead to this. Start better with the simplest.
Incorrect equipment setup
This reason is considered in the first place, since if the case is illiterate, it is easiest to eliminate the problem. We are familiar with the principle of formation of stitches. This follows when the nasal part of the shuttle and the needle interact as it should, the passage of the stitches will not be observed. The first thing to do is to check if these details are correctly adjusted.
So, the gap between the needle and the shuttle should not be more than 3 mm. If this parameter is not observed, the shuttle will pass far from the needle, and will not be able to capture the thread. This is easier to do this with a magnifier yourself.
Along with this, an excessively small distance can lead to a fragment needle or wear of the blade.
Spoiled needle
Due to improper operation or wear, it may be dull or change in the geometry of the needle. As a result, an uneven line. You can solve the problem by acquiring a new needle.
To avoid passes of stitches when sewing, you need:
- Evaluate what condition the needle is in. Pay attention to the severity of the tip, whether it is rejected to the side, whether there are external damage on it.
- To make sure that after the change in the needle, it entered the stop and the fixation screw is well tightened.
- Evaluate how the thread behaves, following the mechanism. There should be no back or excessive tension.
To ensure uninterrupted sewing quality, it is recommended to regularly change the needles. If there is not the usual sound, at the moment the spin enters the matter, the needle needs to be replaced.
Non.compliance with the thread
Another common cause of incorrect operation of the sewing machine is the inconsistency of the thread and needle. If you take a very thick thread, a small needle will not be able to cope with its function and will do not even and wrong stitches.
Therefore, you need to use an elastic thread with a uniform thickness and sufficient strength. Also the choice should fall on the option, without severe torsion. And most importantly. the thread must meet the needle number.
The conditions of work with complex fabrics are not observed
The reason why the sewing machine passes the stitches can not be hidden in the equipment, but in the matter that is processed. For example, if work with a knitted fabric is going on and a regular needle is chosen, extra loops may occur at the time of breaking through the fabric. As a result, the hinges will fail.
Each time you need to take a needle, which is suitable for the type of fabric with which you have to work. The choice depends on the type of matter, its thickness or elasticity. For example, when processing dense fabric, skin, as well as delicate materials, you can not choose a universal needle.
The fact is that different threads and needles are specially developed so that the sewing process is easier.
If there is no possibility of changing the needle during work with knitwear, in order to prevent the skills of the stitches, you can try to put thin paper under the fabric.
Mechanical damage to the needle plate
If the needle plate during active use is strongly worn out, during sewing, the fabric can be “push”. The thread will not be able to pass through it freely and at some point the loops will not form, not where it is necessary, which will lead to the occurrence of passes in the line.
This problem definitely requires replacing the needle plate. Otherwise, everything can result in a more serious breakdown.
Incorrect thread tension
If at the beginning of the work it is incorrect to adjust the tension of the thread, the line will be uneven. The problem is eliminated by debugging. This must be done in accordance with the rules specified in the instructions for a specific model of the sewing machine.
Inappropriate needle
In some situations, an inappropriate needle is installed on the equipment. Often this happens by mistake. Without understanding, they just put a needle that does not fit this machine model. So, in the process of work, it will not interact with the shuttle, but only will pierce the material.
The sewing machine can skip stitches due to a slight error, but sometimes this indicates more serious malfunctions. Therefore, before work, you must always check the equipment and monitor its condition.
The main types of malfunctions and their elimination
All machines, regardless of the type of structure (electric, manual, mini-machines), form a seam according to a single principle. This is a complex and accurate process of interaction of the needle and shuttle device. In its extreme lower position, the shuttle captures the thread and forms the stitch, which is delayed when it lifted to the upper position. The most important parameter is the distance between these two elements, which is in the range of 0.2-0.3 mm. If the gap is larger, the thread will not be captured and a pass will appear in the line.
The reasons why the sewing machine does not scribble is a lot. But among them the most common can be distinguished:
- wear of mechanisms;
- non-compliance with the rules for the selection of the pair “Igla-Lobe”;
- improper thread tension;
- Features of devices of different models.
In some cases, the malfunction is easily eliminated by the owner itself. But in some situations it is recommended to contact specialists of the technical center.
Types of technology and features of the lack of a line
Despite many general malfunctions, there are breakdowns characteristic of each type of apparatus.
In domestic conditions, three main models of machines are used:
If the standard electric sewing machine does not flash, perhaps an electric drive or engine is out of order. It is recommended to check the integrity of the power cord, the correct connection and the presence of current in the network.
A mini-machine is considered a reduced copy of the standard device. Among the famous world brands you can find compact models Jaguar, Janome, Pfaff, JuKi and other manufacturers. Typically, such devices overheat the engine with prolonged continuous operation or problems arise with activities with dense matters (tarpaulin, cotton, leather). To avoid malfunctions, it is recommended to clearly follow the manufacturer’s instructions, carefully select the fabric, thread and needle, and also do not overload the electric drive.
The manual apparatus has compact dimensions, works on batteries and is often used for simple sewing or as a training sample for children. If a manual sewing machine does not make a stitch, then most likely the shuttle mechanism fails. Given how much such a model costs and not always high.quality assembly, it makes no sense to repair it and easier to buy a new one or order a full standard unit.
Mechanical wear
If the old device begins to pass the stitches or simply refuses to sew, then the source is mechanical wear of components or an increase in the clearance between the nose of the shuttle and the needle. The defect can be eliminated by replacing the appropriate components. In some cases, it will be more advisable to buy a new unit than to invest in expensive spare parts.
If when sewing, the fabric goes very slowly, and creaks, clang and other extraneous sounds are also heard, old mechanisms may need lubrication. This process can be performed independently, without involving a specialist.
Problem with the choice of thread and needles
To make the work stable, you should correctly select the thread and needle depending on the type of matter. The wrong choice quickly affects the quality of sewing dense materials (like a tarp, leather or cotton). Too thin needle physically cannot break through the canvas and form a stitch, which leads to an uneven line, passes and even breaking the details.
There is a common problem when sewing knitwear that is characteristic of all machines (Veritas, MerryLock, Bernina, Brother, etc. Knitwear is an elastic material that has a special structure of fiber interweaving, which creates difficulties when working with it in everyday conditions. You can cope as follows:
- buy a special “knitwear” needle with a rounded end. She will gently spread the fibers, preventing their damage;
- Install a conveyor is a special device that provides uniform promotion of the canvas, preventing its stretching and crushing;
- use polyester threads that are well suited for knitwear.
Carefully selected accessories for specific material provide stable operation of the device and high quality of the seam.
Incorrect thread tension
In the formation of the stitch, one of the important roles is played by thread tension. Когда происходит слишком большое натяжение верхней, челнок не всегда образует петлю, а на шве появляются пропуски. Therefore, its refueling must be carried out according to the recommendations of the manufacturer of equipment indicated in the operating manual.
Checking the tension and proper refueling of the upper and lower thread is performed independently, without calling the engineer of the technical service.
The machine stopped sewing: what’s the matter?
Charges associated with impaired quality of the sewing machine are divided into several categories:
Problems with a line. it can be uneven, the threads are confused under the cloth, the line pulls the fabric or goes to the side.
Problems with mechanical nodes of the machine. the appearance of knocking, noise during the operation of the motor, the needle passes the fabric, breaks down.
There are a number of points that you need to pay attention to. By the external signs of the operation of the equipment, you can make a certain picture and understand which node or part fail and require replacement.
It is also necessary to take into account the experience of the seamstress and the fabric that is used for sewing. Many materials, namely knitwear, are hard to sew on old models of sewing machines. If you pull it strongly, you can break a machine needle.
The main issues that often have to face:
The reason for the incident may be incorrect work of the shuttle and the mechanism of the needleman, as well as the banal lack of lubrication of the nodes in which it should be present. In addition, the slight tension of the electric drive belt and the improper installation of the bobbin can also affect the operation of the equipment.
This can happen due to a highly stretched upper thread, insufficient fixing of the needle, its defects (curvature), a strong tension of the stitched fabric.
The result of work on a sewing machine with a broken shuttle is the passage of stitches and the presence of loops in a line.
This is due to strong fixation of the thread when adjusting the tension, installing a needle intended for another type of fabric, needle defects, lack of lubrication of a bobbin.
Reasons: pawing the paw, lack of sufficient presses, the teeth of the Reiki swollen. Many seamstresses make a mistake and try to “stretch” the fabric with effort. In this case, you can damage the material or break the needle.
Occurs due to a weak fastening of the transporter screws and incorrect setting of the machine.
Perhaps the reason lies as a needle. If it is rusty or bent, then problems with sewing cannot be avoided. Check the machine settings.
Causes: slightly stretched upper thread, a large needle for a thin thread, the accumulation of contaminants on the tension regulator, a bastard breakdown.
In case of extraneous noise or knock, you should turn off and stop the equipment. In most cases, the reason may be the lack of lubrication, accumulated remains of threads in the shuttle, weakening the screws of the needle fastening.
It is not always possible to independently make the correct diagnosis of malfunctions. By contacting the service center, you can get advice on the proper use of equipment and eliminate unpleasant breakdown of the machine, getting an appropriate guarantee.
Needle adjustment
Incorrect settings of the sewing machine can lead to the fact that the sewing machine passes the stitches. Over time, especially after frequent operation, the needle of the sewing machine can change its position or completely bend. This can affect not only the evenness of the line, but also for all the work as a whole. To eliminate the malfunction, take out the bobbin cap and carefully inspect it.
Adjustment of such an exact mechanism requires special attention and scrupulousness. If you do not have enough patience, or there were no necessary tools at hand, contact a competent specialist.
The main reason why the sewing machine passes the stitches?
A stitch is the result of the interaction of all the nodes of the sewing machine, starting from the tension of the thread and ending with the formation of the loop in the thickness of the material. The main reason is most often the improper setting of the shuttle device and needle, namely the size of the gap between the tip of the needle in the lower position and the nose of the shuttle. It depends on the thickness of the fabric and ranges from 0.15 to 0.5 mm in the interval. An ideal average indicator. 0.3 mm.
Other parameters can affect the formation of the loop and its seizure by the nose:
Prevention methods
In addition to the timely change of worn needles, the replacement of threads and checking the mechanical setting of the machine, prevention consists in the timely cleaning and lubrication of rubbing parts in contact with each other. Most often, industrial engine oil is used as a lubricant, which, in addition to sewing machines, lubricate loops, door locks, various gear mechanisms and transmission of metal and plastic. like those that use, for example, in high standing watches.
If there is no such oil in the kit (it was necessarily supplied in Soviet machines)-you can try, for example, graphite lubricant or solidol, lilet, motor oil, as well as the composition of WD-40, used by cyclists for lubricating chains and stars. Do not overdo it. excess oil or lubrication at the first launch splates all the insides in the lubricant zone.
Mini Sewing machine problems. Missing stitches, bobbin jumping etc
If the machine uses the mechanism with belt transmission. check the serviceability of rubber drive belts. Stretched, cracked, “sowing” belts need an immediate replacement.
In no case do not use food oils and fats-they evaporate faster, and you will analyze the machine soon because of the lubrication of parts again. Before lubrication, be sure to clean the details from the black plaque formed by waste oil, dust and particles of metal powder scraped off the gears. Do not “drive” the sewing machine for many hours and non.stop at maximum speeds when stitching hard and dense fabrics in several or more layers. In addition to the engine, the rest of the mechanics can overheat, which leads to drying the same lubricant, premature wear of parts.
Even if you are in front of you, a Soviet.year.old car, which was obtained from your grandmother, no matter how strong the steel is and the engine is reliable, yet such equipment is afraid of everyday and many.hour “shock” loads. Since this is a home model for episodic or regular, but not constant use, it is unlikely to withstand such a rhythm.
When the hostess (seamstress) works “the homeland”, daily making to order elements of clothing and accessories, she will immediately buy a semi.professional model. Such cars are close to the conditions of the “sewing” workshop and are designed for everyday, replaceable, and not one-time work for half an hour or an hour or a week or month.
About what to do if the sewing machine passes the stitches, see further.
Description of problems and instructions to eliminate them
The application of the following recommendations and instructions will solve problems with the skipping of stitches when working on the overlock.
Changing the thickness of the fabric
A common problem is when an overlock passes the stitches when switching to several layers of fabric. As soon as the total thickness of the fabric has increased, the skills of the stitch appear. In this case, the tension of the needle thread is reduced when the tissue is switched to several layers.
When the site is passed, it is necessary to return the tension of the thread to the previous position. You need to work slowly so as not to miss the right moment.
This method is only suitable for adjusting the working overlocks. If the line gives omissions on one layer of fabric, then the reason is not in the tension of the thread.
Dumb or bent needle
Even a slight curvature will lead to a passage of stitches. The reason for the curvature: the buttonhole and the nose of the shuttle of the overlock is beaten into the needle, and under this effect it is deformed. When working on the overlock, dull knocks appear when tissue tissue.
It is very difficult to visually determine the curvature, so you can check the bent in the way shown in the picture.
The second way to determine bent: on a dark surface, quickly scroll through the needle. If the tip does not change the position and remains in one place, then it is even.
Checking the needle for bent in such ways, the reason for passing the stitch is revealed.
Dumb needle will cause the seam unevenness and the passage of the stitches. Sharp effect affects the gap between the loop and blade of the needle, obtaining the correct estimated seam without gaps. The tip is checked in two ways.
Through the magnifying glass, consider the tip. If the tip is rounded on the bar, then the needle is stupid.
run the thumb fingernail along the tip from the flask to the tip. If the tip is deformed at the end of the needle, then the nail will find a blunt.
You can not use needles with defects or rust, since their use leads to negative consequences:
Low.quality or incorrectly selected needle
Each overlock is attached to operating instructions that indicate the type, brand and thickness of the needles recommended for this model. Dimensions depend on the thickness of the fabric and threads.
Unlike sewing machines, overlock needles have significant differences. The shape, the diameter of the flask can be thinner or thicker, and the length is shorter or longer. Such differences affect some overlock settings, failures are possible, including the skills of the stitch.
High.quality needles are made of high.strength steel that do not bend, but break when trying to bend it. When choosing materials, there should be a “golden mean”. this is the correspondence of a needle, thread and fabric. Low.quality needle on complex, stronger fabrics forms the passage of the stitch. In this case, it is worth changing it and the passes will disappear.
Error when installing a needle
Incorrect installation will lead to damage to the needle. If when installing a new line is not formed, or formed, but with a large number of passes, then it is installed incorrectly.
- prepare a needle recommended by the instruction manual;
- The sharpening of the flask should be located in the direction of “from yourself”, and a long groove, where the thread is refuel. “from itself”;
- The needle should reach the stops and clearly stand up.
When replacing two needles, the installation is carried out in the same way, but the right needle will be several millimeters above the left.
Cutting mechanisms
After working with the fabric, especially with knitwear, the overlock is strongly contaminated because the knife cuts off the remains, and they fall into the inside of the overlock.
The threads are wrong or poorly tilted
Special threads are produced for overlocks, so any, including for sewing machines, can not be used. Material, thickness and quality affect the tension of the thread.
Low.quality or incorrectly selected threads will lead to a passage of stitches or in general to their absence.
The display of the needleman
In the process of work, the needle can fall into the needle plate, and not into the hole intended for it.
Since the speed is high during operation, when the material is supplied, a sharp blow occurs: the needle rests, and the overlock mechanism still crushes. Thus, an needler shift occurs.
Когда игловодитель оверлока смещается, игла становится выше и петлитель не попадает в отверстие, поэтому стежки не получатся.
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If the displacement is small, then the sting of the buttonhole partially captures the thread, so the passes of the stitches are formed.
In that case, it is important to get the position of the needlerer in which the buttonhole flies into the loop with his sting.
The elimination of such a problem requires the professionalism and knowledge of the internal structure of the overlock, so it is better to contact the master.
Problems with a paw
From a long.term mark, the crush foot can begin to press the fabric poorly. When the fabric is poorly pressed, the skills of the stitches are obtained. To eliminate this problem, it is recommended to adjust the foot pressure spring.
The appearance of backlash
If the passes began to form gradually, and over time they became more and more, then this is a sign of backlash. That is, a gap between the mechanisms appeared, and the larger the backlash, the more often the passes of the stitches on the overlock become.
The approach to eliminating the problem is this: to check all the connections that are responsible for the movement and transmission of rotating moments, and tightly tighten.
The shift of the cang clamp
In some models of overlocks, especially Soviet or Russian.made, the needle retention is a zangic clamp. If you pour a zanging clamp or give it, then it crushes, and it will not work to put a new needle to the end. In this case, the nut turns out, and the petal petals are divorced. After that, the needle reaches the stop and clearly gets up.
