Installation of a pellet burner in a solid fuel boiler

How to make a pellet burner with your own hands?

The unique smell of natural wood, a clean and decorated room in a modern style. this is how the boiler room in the house may look if you approach the choice of equipment correctly. Innovative heat.generating equipment, which will create the described conditions in the room, is a pellet boiler or an automatic pellet burner operating on special fuel granules, which are created from agricultural or woodworking waste.

If a few years ago pellet installations were used only in 20% of houses in Europe, then at the moment the figure increased to 70%. The use of boilers and burners working on granules is the most profitable option for heating a dwelling from an environmental and economic point of view. Today we will talk about the principles of equipment, about its advantages and disadvantages, and also consider the scheme for making a pellet burner with your own hands.

Proper setting up the boiler

Buying a pellet boiler, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the availability of service centers and official representative offices in the installation region of the boiler. The boiler on pellets is fully automated and requires proper tuning, as well as service. The correct setting of the boiler will increase its life, reduce fuel consumption and simplify the boiler cleaning. The launch and commissioning of this kind of automated equipment should be carried out by a specialist authorized by the factory by the manufacturer. In fact, there is no restriction on the launch of the boiler and put it into operation, this procedure can be performed by the installer of the installation of the heating system, and of course the user himself. But in this case, all responsibility and further maintenance falls on the one who launched.

What is important to know to configure a pellet boiler yourself? First of all, you need to understand that an automatic boiler on pellets has several operating modes. The most basic and those that require more attention, there are three of them: ignition, work, pause. Boilers manufacturers use different types of automation in which all kinds of additional modes can be used, such as: combustion stabilization mode, modulation mode, supervision mode, etc.D. When we already have an idea of ​​the modes, it is important to understand how the boiler should behave in each of the modes.

Roser mode. when a certain portion of pellets is fed to the burner using a faint, or in manual mode is fired and complete burning is stabilized and stabilized. In this mode, the boiler usually spends about fifteen minutes, during which time it also gives pellets in certain portions, while the automatic boiler automation monitors the temperature of the smoke gases. It is very important in this mode to configure a sufficient amount of pellets and air injection so that the temperature of the smoke gases is rapidly growing. After reaching smoke gases, 60 degrees the chimney is considered warmed, and automation switches the boiler to the operating mode.

The working mode is very similar to the ignition mode. In this mode, the boiler spends most of its time. It is at this time that he heats the heat exchanger of the boiler and removes temperatures in the heating system to the given. In our work, we no longer need to quickly warm up the chimney. Our task is to achieve the correct and complete burning of pellets, stable and pure flame. Two parameters are subject to adjustments: the power of air info and the number of pellet supplied. Air power is usually regulated in a ratio of 30 to 100 percent, the number of pellets supplied to the burner is regulated in a cyclic ratio, a certain portion of pellets is supplied after a certain period of time. It is important to understand that the portion of the pellet burned corresponds to the declared power. For example, a boiler with a capacity of fifty kilowatts will not be able to provide a warm room if the pellet is supplied, even if the flame is stable. The average heat transfer is pellet from one kilogram when burning you can get up to five kilowatts of thermal energy per hour. The quality of the fuel can very much affect the flow of pellets, and in some boilers and the work of the burner.

Peller boilers manufacturers lay standard work settings. For each power its number of pellets per hour and its own power of air info. Our task as a user or a specialist in setting up a boiler, adjust these parameters so that the burning of the pellet is complete, and the consumption was minimal without loss of productivity of the boiler.

The question is where to start setting up a pellet boiler?

We recommend first of all to start with air adjustment, fan. Each boiler can differ in the infusion power, usually a number of factors, such as: chimney craving, pellet quality, and even type of burner. The amount of air of the pumped into the burner should be minimal necessary for the complete combustion of fuel. You can determine this by the color of the flame.

The correct flame has a yellowish tint, flame tongues rise up, the burning is even, highly and stabilized on the same height. It is in this flame that the maximum efficiency is achieved.

The flame has a reddish tint with a noticeable smoke? The combustion of oxygen is not enough, both an incorrectly mounted chimney and an too small power power of the air junction can affect this. Try adding the infusion power and watch the result.

If we observe an aggressive flame, and the pellet coals bounce up and fall into the ash as unfinished pellets, there is too much air of air, we recommend that the air to the minimum necessary for combustion.

After the flame was normalized, and it corresponds to all the parameters of proper burning, has a yellowish tint. We go into the adjustment adjustment of the screw. As mentioned above, the work of the screw goes cyclically, giving certain portions to the burner. Before setting up the screw, you need to understand what type of burner your boiler has. Torch burner requires a minimum required amount of pellets when burning so that pellets do not clog the holes of the supplied air. In such burners, pellets are usually served in small portions. If we are dealing with a retorted burner in the form of a bowl with a lower fuel supply. Here the supply of fuel occurs somewhat differently, the pellet supplied from the bottom constantly raises combustion. Our main task is to set the optimal pellet to the burner so that the fuel during burning is all the time at the same level. Burning should occur in the upper part of the burner, while Pellet should not be packed over the edge of the burner and sag below the level.

After we managed to choose the ratio of the pellet and air of the air, we should observe the temperature of the water in the system, whether it strives for a given, at what speed. The boiler is very slowly gaining temperature or temperature hangs in one place? This means that the boiler does not work at rated power, it is necessary to add fuel supply and adjust the combustion.

The final mode is a pause or stop mode. The pellet boiler goes into this mode when the task, namely, the set temperature was achieved. In this mode, the boiler completely turns off the operation of the screw and fan, and is waiting for a decrease in the water temperature in the system by several degrees, after which it again goes into work, before that checking the combustion.

Failures in work and their elimination

Do.it.yourself or purchased industrial pellet burner may have malfunctions in operation: caused:

• m of extraneous inclusions in pellets. Diagnosed with the presence of dirty slag greenish in a stopped burner. It is eliminated by purification of the hopper or increased power and air flow;
• using pellets of different diameters or size exceeding the required design. Leads to the failure of the elements of the mechanical supply of fuel, restored only by completely replacing parts;
• transition to a new pellet size. The probable stop of the boiler in this case can be prevented by increasing the speed of the wood granules;
• using toyan pellets, which causes contamination of the optical sensor and leads to an indication of error. The solution to the problem. replacement with wood fuel, or constant visual control;

Equipping with economical and automated solid fuel burners of boiler houses greatly simplifies the life of the inhabitants of the house. However, any technical device requires timely diagnosis and preventive care. Clean waste waste and devote time to the periodic inspection of the technical condition of all elements of the boiler room. Such simple actions will allow to obtain maximum safety and comfort.

Torch

Such burners for solid fuel boilers are characteristic mainly for Russian products. The fire rushes into the side plane. Pellet supply occurs along a horizontal screw or using a vacuum tube. The craving in the boiler should be ensured forced. Air pressure created by the fan is fully consistent with the needs of heating equipment; Depending on the forming swirls, combustion occurs more or less stable.

Torch burners provide excellent work process efficiency. You can lay inside almost any fuel. In addition to pellets of various types, it is allowed to use even ordinary dry chips suitable in size. The device uses a boost effect. The smoothness of the adjustment is provided by a direct ligament between the fan and the automatic control system.

Why in a pellet boiler you need a burner

The burner for a pellet boiler is part of the automatic supply and combustion system of fuel. In practice, this means that the device is responsible for the following functions:

The economical fuel consumption. the burning device is directly connected to the automation that controls the process of fuel burning, as well as to the lambda probe, which helps to configure the optimal combustion mode. The system automatically changes the speed of the pellet to the burner, thereby changing the heating temperature.

A pellet burner has a universal design that allows you to install it in any solid fuel heat generator. Some manufacturers initially make loops and connectors in the housing, allowing you to install the burner in a solid fuel boiler, spending only 10-15 minutes to connect.

On average, the burner serves 3-5 years, after which it will need to replace it. Repair work: dismantling and installation of a new burning device, on average will cost 15% of its cost.

Is it possible to drown the boiler with pellets without a burner

Installation of a pellet burner in a solid fuel boiler, from the selection of a suitable model and connection, can be delayed for a long time. It will take several weeks to replace the burning device. In all these cases, you can start drowning with pellets directly. What is required for this:

Reduce holes in the grate.

This solution has the following shortcomings:

The device of the burner allows you to control the intensity of burning and the temperature in the firebox. Forced air injection leads to a minimum percentage of a nonsense.With the usual burning of granules, the number of unfinished particles increases, which leads to an increased flow of pellets.

Drown pellets without a burner is economically unprofitable. But it may be necessary, in the form of a temporary measure, until a burning device is replaced by the failed.

Pellet burner for universal heating boilers Kupper

The Teplodar company presents to the attention of consumers a pellet burner for the universal boilers “Kupper”. The best option for the operation of the devices is solid fuel, however, such heating boilers can be transferred without problems to gas, for this you will need to get a gas burner. Equipment can function as part of water heating systems with natural and forced circulation.

Devices with a universal arrangement of fittings for supplying the coolant (water, antifreeze) are presented in the assortment in five varieties:

Equip the most autonomous heating system that would be both reliable and relatively inexpensive. the desire of any owner of a private house. For this reason, boilers with an automatic pellet burner are gaining more and more popularity to date.

The main advantage of these devices is the ability to automate the heating process, which is almost unrealistic for other models of solid fuel boilers operating on coal and firewood.

It is believed that boilers with ACG are not cheap pleasure, but at the same time the acquisition and maintenance of electric and gas boilers that also capable of automatically work, have their underwater stones. In the first case, the owner will have to pretty much to spend money on electricity, in the second. go through a long process of coordination and connection.

No less important characteristic of the boiler on pellets is environmental friendliness. When burning, the pellet is released much less compounds harmful to health than, for example, in the case of coal. Pellets are easily and “clean”, do not require special conditions except that the room is not wet.

The growing popularity of pellet fuel boilers is also explained by the appearance of domestic appliances on the Russian market of boiler equipment.

The company “Teplodar” offers to buy a high.tech automatic pellet burner at the price of the manufacturer. It is important that the device can literally be mounted in the Kupper boiler previously installed in the heating system without additional locksmithing work.

The burner can be equipped with a pellet bunker and a fuel supply system. The capacity of the boiler is adjustable in a wide range. Once the temperature set by the owner is supported by equipment in automatic mode.

The photographer provided in the burner fixes the combustion intensity in the firebox and ensures the automatic inclusion of the ignition device, resuming the process. The owner only needs to put a fresh portion of pellet into the bunker from time to time.

A time that the boiler can function in automatic mode without the need for fuel diving is spelled out in the instructions for each specific device.

Another important advantage of this line of boilers is that with an emergency shutdown of electricity or interruption in the delivery of pellets, the burner is dismantled in a matter of minutes, and the boiler can be safely melted with firewood or coal, which can always be borrowed from neighbors.

Additional settings

When the main parameters are set, you can do auxiliary.

The first option. you can configure the time of ignition pellet. By default it is 5 minutes. It is so much that a special halogen lamp is included in the fuel fuel ignition.

High quality pellets flare up faster-in 3-4 minutes, in this case, the time of ignition is allowed to reduce. In the case of inexpensive fuel, it is recommended to increase the parameter to 6-7 minutes.

Also, the installation of a pellet burner in a solid fuel boiler necessarily implies the configuration of indicators such as:

• burning time (characterizes the maximum power of the fan after stopping fuel supply);
• The temperature of the coolant “on the return” (upon its achievement, the burner changes the “heating” mode to “maintaining”. it is exhibited about 60 ° C);
• The temperature of the coolant in supply (critical value within 90-95 °-at this temperature, the pellet is stopped, and a preventive signal “overheating” appears on the control panel);
• Schnek management (two modes. “VCL” and “off”. when activating pellets are smoothly fed into the combustion chamber).

If the work of the burner must be stopped, in no case should you pull the plug out of the network. Such a sharp shutdown from the power supply network provoke a jump in the pressure inside the system, which will lead to a fan stop, which, in turn, provoke the release of soot and ash to the internal elements of the boiler and darkening of the pellet. Next time, the fuel will be kindly worse.

APG-25 will suspend the work if you press the red button “Stop” on the control panel twice. A single press will introduce the system into the mode of burning pellets.

Proper setting up a pellet boiler is the key to its uninterrupted operation. We hope that our article will help you set a comfortable temperature in your house and use the boiler for more than one cold season.

Gravity pellet burner: manufacturing

Self.manufacture of this module will save from 300 to 2500. In addition, the use of a gravitational pellet burner allows you to completely refuse to connect the boiler to the mains. In this case, the granular fuel enters the combustion chamber directly from the hopper, and the air supply is provided due to natural thrust. The adjustment of fuel combustion intensity is regulated.

• The possibility of a pellet fire in the bunker in the event of a reverse traction;
• Reducing the efficiency of installation to 85-90%;
• The need for manual adjustment of granules and the position of the gate damper.

Materials for the independent manufacture of a gravitational burner can serve:

• A pipe made of heat.resistant steel with a wall thickness of at least 4 mm is used to make a combustion chamber;
• Sheet structural steel 3. 4 mm thick is used for the manufacture of the fastening flange;
• The main bunker can be cooked from sheet steel 2-3 mm thick.

Since this type of burner does not provide for connection to the mains, the installation of an automatic control system and electric motor, the cost of manufacturing the unit will be minimal.

The device and principle of operation of the pellet-gas boiler

Universal pellet-gas boilers differ in the presence of several combustion chambers mounted in the overall structure. The fuel change is carried out in 10-15 minutes, by connecting the desired burner. Combined boilers of gaz pellets are especially relevant when connecting to a gas tank. The use of the cylinder gas is allowed.

The efficiency of a combined gas-peeling boiler reaches 90% on the main, and 85% on the reserve type of fuel. The basic configuration includes the main and replaceable burner. Re.equipment was made as simple as possible to give the opportunity to independently replace the burning device, without inviting specialists.

Work on pellets

Transfer to pellets is carried out by installing a burning device connected to the fuel bunker. After installing the burner, the operation of the boiler occurs as follows:

Pellets come from the fuel bunker to the burner by means of a screw transmission.

To install a pellet burner, connectors in the lower top chamber are provided. Most manufacturers make furnaces of standard sizes, which allows you to install a burning device, almost any manufacturer company.

Boilers for gas and pellet burner are mainly made of cast iron. In view of the large weight, installation is carried out on a pre.prepared concrete base.

Work on gas

Pellet boilers with a gas burner, first of all, are designed to connect to the cylinder installations and gas tankers. The equipment of this type was also widespread, during the construction of houses in new cottage villages, the gasification of which is planned for the near future.

To connect a gas burner, just perform a few simple manipulations:

Close an unused firebox with a sealed hatch.

Alteration of the pellet boiler in gas takes 10-15 minutes. There is no need to call a specialist to conduct a modification. The installation of a gas burner is carried out in accordance with the detailed instructions of the manufacturer attached to the basic configuration of equipment.

Comparative characteristics of the efficiency of heating on pellets and balloon gas, show the advantage of the first type of fuel. But after connecting the main gas, the financial efficiency of fuel granules is significantly reduced.

Plumber.

Pellet burners are becoming increasingly popular among residents of the suburbs, as well as enterprises of various specifics. Most often, the equipment is used for heating premises in areas where there is no way to connect to the main network. In this article, the master plumber will tell what a pellet burner is and where it is used.

Pellets are fuel, which is of high quality and can compete with ordinary firewood. For the manufacture of such raw materials, wood and agricultural waste is used, as well as. Pellets are small granules.

What is the advantage of such granules over standard fuel types? First of all, it is necessary to note the high efficiency of raw materials. Conventional firewood after burning give from 40 to 80% of energy. The remaining material goes into utilization, so the economic feasibility of such heating is in question.

A boiler with a pellet burner allows you to increase the processing of material to 90%. This is one of the highest rates of combustion among all fuel varieties. It is worth noting that granular raw materials are not recommended for some types of boilers. For example, such fuel can harm equipment, the principle of operation of which is based on pyrolysis.

note! When choosing a burner, you need to pay attention to its power. Today you can purchase models that automatically regulate this indicator. As an example, you can cite a pellet burner Zota

During fuel processing, the temperature inside the burner can reach 1000 ° C. From this it follows that when using such a device, it is necessary to observe maximum caution. This is especially true for your own designs. Errors during assembly or improper operation can lead to fire.

This raw material is highly energy intensity. It was thanks to this that it has become widespread. One kilogram of granular pellets when processing releases approximately 5 kW/h heat. From this it follows that the organization of heating of a standard private house with medium dimensions will need about 2 kg of material per hour.

Pellets for the burner are loaded into the device approximately 1-2 times a day. When loading a new portion of raw materials, it is recommended to clean the ashrian from combustion products. Purchased burners require weekly cleaning, and home.made devices are polluted even faster. DIY device, it is recommended to clean about 1 time in 3 days. Otherwise, it will quickly fail.

Some models of burners do not require loading for 5 days. As an example, you can cite a pellet burner APG-42. Such a model is compatible with the heat-cooper boilers.

The disadvantage of pellet burners is reverse combustion, which is accompanied by the penetration of the pyrolysis zone into the bunker intended for storage and supply of fuel. This entails smoke in the room in which heating equipment is located, and there is also a probability of a fire.

Pellets from sawdust or any other recycled waste during an excess of air in the design can be blown out, which will lead to a large number of waste (ash). The air supply should be clearly adjusted, otherwise not only its excess, but the deficiency can lead to ineffective work and the rapid clogging of the apparatus.

The need for granular fuel in the air is determined primarily by the combustion regime. The selection of the correct regime is a paramount and very important task. The exit to the operating mode of the burner is made in 5 stages. Before starting the operation of the device, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with each phase in more detail.

First of all, it is required to fire. The burner for the boiler on pellets is filled with the help of a special ceramic-liner rod, which when turned on is heated to a very high temperature (900-1100 ° C). Devices made with your own hands can also be kindled with ordinary ray.

note! In no case should you use flammable fluids for the ignition of the burner. In this case, the combustion process will immediately go to the bunker, as a result of which there will be a fire

The second stage in the preparation of equipment for work is to launch. It is very important to adjust the correct air supply to configure the flame of the burner. Next, the apparatus is accelerated. At this stage, the burner is included in the usual operational regime.

After acceleration, it is necessary to adjust the air so that the proper temperature of the coolant in the return is exhibited inside the device. Then you need to stop the supply of granular fuel and set the necessary air intensity.

The main task of any burner is to ensure uniform heating of the boiler. This goal is achieved by processing granular fuel. From a constructive point of view, the burner is a combustion chamber, which most often resembles a pipe in shape. Burning inside such a device occurs due to continuous air supply.